Acute doses of MDMA produce marked changes in both dopamine and serotonin systems within the brain. Though the changes in dopaminergic neurons appear transient, the data suggest that the changes in the serotonergic system are longer-lasting. In addition, examinations of more global brain function have shown that the effects of acute doses of MDMA extend to regions of the brain that are thought to be involved in higher thought processes. These findings have raised concern about possible long-term effects on both infrequent and regular users of MDMA.

Several groups have shown that exposure to MDMA rapidly and persistently destroys a key marker of serotonergic function in regions known to have a high density of serotonin neurons, including the striatum and cortex. More detailed examination of this structural damage shows that MDMA appears to prune, or reduce in number, serotonin axons and axon terminals. Eighteen months after a short course of MDMA, investigators found that some brain regions had substantial loss of serotonin axon terminals, while a few others had more serotonin axon terminals. This pattern is a hallmark of axon pruning, since nerve cells will often grow replacement terminals upstream of the damaged terminals. These results, then, are evidence not only of MDMA's neurotoxicity, but of the brain attempting to rewire the serotonin system after damage.

[...]

Along with such studies, researchers need better tools to assess neurotoxicity in human MDMA users and to measure changes of neuronal integrity and possible recovery over time. With such tools, investigators may also be able to address important mechanistic questions, such as how damage to the serotonin system leads to behavioral and cognitive changes, how the brain responds to and compensates for serotonergic damage, and why the dopaminergic system seems to escape lasting damage from MDMA. Such studies might then lead to the development and validation of methods for promoting recovery from MDMA-induced neurotoxicity.

the data suggest that;
are thought to be;
researchers need better tools;

Na bazie jednej publikacji to sobie możesz wyciągać wnioski, hehe.

Wszystko to, to jedynie hipotezy spod znaku "uważamy, że", "wydaje się, że".

greenz pisze:

ten tekst ktory podalem jako drugi to sa wlasnie wnioski z wielu publikacji zebranych do kupy, stan aktualnej wiedzy o problemie...

greenz pisze:

no wlasnie dlatego tak jest, poniewaz nasz aktualny stan wiedzy nie pozwala na wyciagniecie konkretnych wnioskow. dobrze ze pisza wlasnie w ten sposob zamiast oszukiwac czytelnikow, tak jakby wiedzieli cos na pewno. duzo jest badan o przeciwstawnych wnioskach, albo ich rezultaty to zwykla korelacja, nie pozwalaja na wyciaganie wnioskow przyczynowo-skutkowych, do tego dochodzi ogromna liczba zmiennych zaklucajacych w takich badaniach. w kazdym razie nie jest tez tak ze nie mozemy nic powiedziec w tym temacie, dane z ktorymi sie zapoznalem pozwalaja mi twierdzic ze mdma jest w pewnym stopniu neurotoksyczne na neurony serotoninowe. nie twierdze ze jest to niepodwazalna wiedza naukowa, w kazdym razie tak uwazam. a znam sie troche na metodologii badan i sceptycznie podchodze do tematu...

greenz pisze:

nie widze innego wyjscia, musisz przestudiowac ten raport]

Rozumiem, że Ty przestudiowałeś cały raport i informacje na Erowidzie?

Co do raportu:

METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

As much as the data collected so far largely supports the proposition that MDMA damages the serotonin system in the brain and produces long-lasting behavioral deficits, researchers agree that methodological issues, such as limited sample size and difficulties controlling for the possible influence of other illicit substances, have made it difficult to move beyond generalities and unequivocally prove a cause and effect relationship between MDMA use and specific cognitive or psychological damage in humans. All of the studies reviewed in this report have relied on self-referred MDMA users, recruited through targeted sampling techniques by advertising for volunteers or through word-of-mouth. This introduces an unknown bias into each study since it is possible that such self-referrers are not representative of MDMA users as a whole. There is also the problem of verifying that what users report as Ecstasy is, in fact, solely MDMA. In addition, it is impossible to verify self-reports of past drug use beyond a certain period of time, making it difficult at best to accurately control for prior drug use.